[Tlhingan-hol] The sleeping dog

[Felix Malmenbeck]

An illustration of the difference between {ghIq] and {ngugh}:

{jISop. ghIq jIQong.}

= "I eat. Then I sleep."

This specifies that first I eat, and then I sleep. In a way, {ghIq} could be translated as "immediately afterwards".


{wa'leS SaghomlaHbe'. ngugh jIvumnIS.}
= "I can't  meet y'all tomorrow. I'll need to work then."


{cha'leS qatlh bIDach?]

{ngugh jIrop.}

= "Why were you absent yesterday?

"I was sick then."


To put it another way: {ngugh} is the time equivalent of {pa'} ("there").


nuqDaq? pa'! ("Where? There?")

ghorgh? ngugh! ("When? Then!")


________________________________
From: qunnoQ HoD <mihkoun at gmail.com>
Sent: Thursday, November 5, 2015 16:11
To: tlhingan-hol at kli.org
Subject: Re: [Tlhingan-hol] The sleeping dog

> Note that Klingon has two words for "then": {ghIq} (subsequently) > and {ngugh} (at that time). Did you use the one you meant?

this may sound strange,but in greek one would use the exact same word for <<subsequently>> and <<at that time>> too. So as strange as this may sound, i can't answer your question ! in my mind both <<subsequently>> and <<at that time>> are identical..
this is very interesting indeed. people from different countries learning the same language,still perceiving it differently due to their own native linguistic backgrounds !

thank you all very much,for taking the time to reply. i will study your comments/observations very carefully,and try to improve.

cpt. qunnoQ

On Thu, Nov 5, 2015 at 4:11 PM, Rohan Fenwick <qeslagh at hotmail.com<mailto:qeslagh at hotmail.com>> wrote:
ghItlhpu' qunnoQ, jatlh:
> {ngugh,ghab tun gho tut,HaDIbaH,vIchuH 'ej toD'egh} then i threw the sausage
> at the dog and i saved myself.

Watch your spelling: the word for "meat" is {Ha'DIbaH}, with the qaghwI' (apostrophe) at the end of the first syllable.

jang De'vID, jatlh:
> I think once you have established {ghab tun gho tut}, you can refer to
> it later in that context as simply {tut} if it is unambiguous. But
> that's a matter of style.

Agreed, though stylistically I'd have referred to it rather as {Ha'DIbaH} from there on out. In this context the fact that it's a chunk of meat is probably more important to the narrative than the fact that it's columnar in shape.

qunnoQ, lutlIj DaQIjtaHvIS vIyajlaH je jIH. majQa'!

QeS 'utlh

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