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<TITLE>Story: ghuv = The Recruit - 4</TITLE>
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<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">In which Qov continues to explain her story</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> as if you a) cared and b) had only bought your copy of the Klingon Dictionary yesterday.<BR>
<BR>
Protagonist Torg just underwent a medical exam in order to join the Klingon army.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">torgh laj tlhIngan wo' QI'. ghaHvaD DaSmey, HIp je nob. not rurbogh DaSmey tuQmoHpu' torgh. luHemmoH bochbogh DIr qIj, DaSpu'mey jej je. mang mojmeH torgh, qeqqu' net raD.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">torgh laj tlhIngan wo' QI'.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">laj = accept (</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">v</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">) or acceptance (</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">n</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> - but this is the only possibility for the verb in this sentence, so it has to be the latter.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">tlhIngan = Klingon – you’d better know this one</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">wo’ = empire</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">QI’ = military</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"> </SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">A simple OVS sentence. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Object = torgh</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Verb = laj</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Subject = tlhIngan wo’ QI’ – Klingon empire military </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">“The Klingon Imperial Military accepts Torg.”</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Next:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"> <FONT FACE="Calibri">ghaHvaD DaSmey, HIp je nob.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">ghaH = he/she/him/her</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-vaD = N5 – marks the noun as the beneficiary of the verb</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DaS = boot</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-mey = I told you to remember this one.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">HIp = uniform</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">je = and, joining nouns</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">nob = give</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">The verb is nob, and there’s nothing after it, so while the zero-suffix indicates a third person subject the exact subject must be inferred. The subject of the previous sentence was tlhIngan wo’ QI’ – the Klingon Imperial Military, and the object is DaSmey, HIp je – “boots and a uniform” so that makes sense. Finally, the first word of the sentence says that ghaH is the beneficiary of this. In Klingon <tlhIngan wo’ QI’> would grammatically be an “it” but in English we’d call the military “they” in a sentence like this, hence, “They gave him boots and a uniform.”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">not rurbogh DaSmey tuQmoHpu' torgh.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">not = never</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">rur = resemble<BR>
-bogh = V9 relative clause marker</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DaSmey = remember from the previous sentence?</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">tuQ = wear</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-moH = V4 cause – tuQmoH – put on (clothing)<BR>
-pu’ = V7 perfective (time to remember this one)</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">I’ve used the perfective here because otherwise I would be saying that he never wears boots like these,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> which wouldn’t make sense, because</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> now he is wearing them.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Subject:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"> <FONT FACE="Calibri">torgh</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Verb: tuQmoH </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Object: rurbogh DaSmey – boots which resemble </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">As the subject of rur is plural and there is a null prefix, the object must also be plural, as a singular object requires the lu- prefix when there is a plural subject.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">“Torg had never put on boots that resembled them.” or “Torg had never donned such boots.”</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Next:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"> <FONT FACE="Calibri">luHemmoH bochbogh DIr qIj, DaSpu'mey jej je.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">lu- = verb prefix 3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><SUP><FONT FACE="Calibri">rd</FONT></SUP></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> person plural subject – 3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><SUP><FONT FACE="Calibri">rd</FONT></SUP></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> person singular object</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Hem = be proud</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-moH = V4 cause</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">boch = shine, be shiny</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-bogh = V9 relative clause marker</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DIr = skin</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">qIj = be black</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DaSpu’ = boot spike – and you’re supposed to know what –mey means by now.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">jej = be sharp</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">je = and, joining nouns – learn this one now.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">luHemmoH = [some plural thing] makes him proud</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">bochbogh DIr = skin which shines</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DIr qIj = black skin</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">bochbogh Dir qIj = the shiny black skin – i.e. leather</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">DaSpu’mey jej = sharp bootspikes</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">“The shiny black leather and sharp boot spikes made him proud.”</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">Last sentence:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"> <FONT FACE="Calibri">mang mojmeH torgh, qeqqu' net raD.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">mang = soldier</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">moj = become</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-meH = I told you to remember this one.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">qeq = drill, train</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-qu’ = verb emphasis (remember this one)</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">net = pronoun indicating that the previous sentence is the object of the next verb, which has an indefinite subject.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">raD = force, compel</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">“In order for Torg to become a soldier, he was forced to train very hard.”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-ca"><FONT FACE="Calibri">-Qov</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-ca"></SPAN></P>
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