[Tlhingan-hol] Beginners corner

[Steven Boozer]

As Felix explained {Hem} means "be proud" (intransitive), not "be proud OF (something/someone)" (transitive).  (You have to watch out for those prepositions in the dictionary!)   Here is how Okrand has used {Hem}:

   Hem tlhIngan Segh 'ej maHemtaH 'e' wIHech
   Klingons are a proud race, and we intend to go on being proud. (TKW)

   tuQtaHvIS Hem. ghaHvaD quHDaj qawmoH.
   He wears it proudly as a reminder of his heritage. (S20)

   Hem; tlhIngan rur
   proud as a Klingon  (KGT; common simile)

   lutlhej tlhInganpu' Hem mI' nIb
   an equal number of proud Klingons [accompany him] (PB)

   naDev Sughompu' 'ej Qo'noS SuvwI'pu' Hem tlhIH
   All of you here, proud warriors of Kronos  (PB)

  qanjIt qan vemmoH moratlh, vavDaj ghaH qanjIt'e' puj tIqDu'Daj 'ach Hem
   Morath wakes his father, the old Kanjit, his hearts weak, but proud.  (PB)

   maQ 'oH HemHa'choH 'ej cho'choH moratlh
   The signal for Morath to lose his pride and claim a throne. (PB)

HolQeD 12.3 p.9:  To be {Hem} "proud", however, is quite admirable and does not carry any connotations of arrogance as the Federation Standard words "proud" and "pride" sometimes do. The noun {'eDjen} refers to a person who is arrogant or haughty.

BTW the noun "pride" seems to be {le'yo'}:

   le'yo'raj nIHlu'ta'mo' penoD jatlh qeylIS, woQ le'yo' je 'aghbej ghaH
   And Kahless spoke to them ... filled with pride and authority, about avenging
    their stolen pride  (PB)


>> : I passed a hard exam. I am proud of myself.

To allow those descriptive (or "stative") verbs to take an object you generally add the suffix {-moH} (become) as Felix explained.  But when Klingon doesn't have the right verb - or doesn't have it in the right form - there's an easier way to translate and that's by recasting the sentence to avoid the problem:  "I passed a hard exam;  I am proud."  Sometimes you may tag the dependent clause with {-mo'} "because" as Felix showed you.

Now Klingon doesn't have a noun "test", but it does have the verbs {chov} "assess, evaluate, test", {waH} "try out, test, use experimentally", {tob} "test conclusively" and {Daj} "test inconclusively".  So one could say,

  luchovpu'.  jIHem.
  They have tested/evaluated me.  I am proud.

  luchovpu'mo'  jIHem.
  Because they have tested/evaluated me I'm proud.

  lutobpu'.   jIHem.
  They have tested me conclusively,  I'm proud.

  lutobpu'mo'  jIHem.
  Because they have tested me conclusively, I'm proud.

And speaking of being proud of oneself, Klingon does have three more stative verbs:  {jeQ} "be self-confident", {jaq} "be bold" and {nguq} "be arrogant, haughty, conceited".


From: Felix Malmenbeck [mailto:felixm at kth.se]
Sent: Thursday, January 29, 2015 7:02 AM

Consider what role you intend for jIH to have in this sentence. Is it as the object of the sentence? In that case, you need to make sure you have the right prefix and suffix.
In this case, because both the subject and the object are {jIH}, the correct choice would be *jIHem'egh* ("I proud myself").

However, I believe it's quite widely accepted that {Hem} does not take an object. To say "I'm proud of myself.", try to ask yourself "What does 'of' mean in this case?"
English uses the same preposition for a lot of different purposes. "of" can meaning "belonging to", "relating to", "coming from", "due to", "because of", and a great many other things.

I think the "of" in this case could be interpreted as "due to" or "because of". So, perhaps:

* {jIHmo' jIHem.}
"I am proud because of me."

That may be a bit unspecific, though. Consider:

* {chavwIjmo' jIHem.}
"I am proud because of my achievement."

* {jIQapta'mo' jIHem.}
"I am proud because I have succeeded."

Also, consider using -moH ("cause"):

* {jIHem'eghmoH.}
"I make myself proud."

* {jIHem'eghmoHta'.}
"I've (intentionally and successfully) made myself proud."

* {muHemmoH chavmeywIj.}
"My achievements make me proud."
________________________________
From: Maxim Sonin [maxim.sonin at gmail.com]
Sent: Thursday, January 29, 2015 13:13

Another beginners question

Can you say: "jIH jIHem" as "I am proud of myself"

For example: I passed a hard exam. I am proud of myself.

Would this, if grammatically correct, be considered ignorant?

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